MEDALLION FINANCIAL CORP, 10-K filed on 10 Mar 23
v3.22.4
Document and Entity Information - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Mar. 03, 2023
Document and Entity Information [Line Items]    
Document Type 10-K  
Amendment Flag false  
Document Annual Report true  
Document Transition Report false  
Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2022  
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2022  
Document Fiscal Period Focus FY  
Entity Registrant Name MEDALLION FINANCIAL CORP  
Entity Central Index Key 0001000209  
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31  
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer No  
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes  
Entity Voluntary Filers No  
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes  
Entity Filer Category Accelerated Filer  
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   23,319,836
Entity Public Float $ 124,245,741  
Entity Emerging Growth Company false  
Entity Small Business true  
Entity Shell Company false  
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag true  
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE  
Entity File Number 001-37747  
Entity Tax Identification Number 04-3291176  
Entity Address, Address Line One 437 MADISON AVENUE, 38th Floor  
Entity Address, City or Town New York  
Entity Address, State or Province NY  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 10022  
City Area Code 212  
Local Phone Number 328-2100  
Title of 12(b) Security Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share  
Trading Symbol MFIN  
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ  
Documents Incorporated by Reference

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, for which a Definitive Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after the registrant’s fiscal year-end of December 31, 2022, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

 
Auditor Firm ID 339  
Auditor Name Mazars USA LLP  
Auditor Location New York, New York  
v3.22.4
Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Assets    
Cash and cash equivalents [1] $ 33,172 $ 64,482
Federal funds sold 72,426 60,002
Investment securities 48,492 44,772
Equity investments 10,293 9,726
Loans 1,916,953 1,488,924
Allowance for loan losses [2] (63,845) (50,166)
Net loans receivable 1,853,108 1,438,758
Goodwill 150,803 150,803
Loan collateral in process of foreclosure [3] 21,819 37,430
Intangible assets, net 22,035 23,480
Property, equipment, and right-of-use lease asset, net 13,168 11,762
Accrued interest receivable 12,613 10,621
Income tax receivable 2,095 833
Other assets 19,855 20,388
Total assets 2,259,879 1,873,057
Liabilities    
Deposits [4] 1,607,110 1,250,880
Long-Term Debt [5] 214,320 219,973
Deferred tax liabilities, net 26,753 18,210
Operating lease liabilities 8,408 9,053
Accrued interest payable 4,790 3,395
Short-Term Debt 5,000 0
Accounts payable and accrued expenses [6] 22,974 15,718
Total liabilities 1,889,355 1,517,229
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity    
Preferred stock (1,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value stock authorized-none outstanding) 0 0
Common stock (50,000,000 shares of $0.01 par value stock authorized - 28,663,827 shares at December 31, 2022 and 28,124,629 shares at December 31, 2021 issued) 287 281
Additional paid in capital 283,663 280,038
Treasury stock (5,602,154 shares at December 31, 2022 and 2,951,243 December 31, 2021) (45,538) (24,919)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (3,349) 1,034
Retained earnings 66,673 30,606
Total stockholders’ equity 301,736 287,040
Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries 68,788 68,788
Total equity 370,524 355,828
Total liabilities and equity $ 2,259,879 $ 1,873,057
Number of shares outstanding 23,061,673 25,173,386
Book value per share $ 13.08 $ 11.40
[1] Includes no restricted cash requirement as of December 31, 2022 and restricted cash of $3.0 million as of December 31, 2021.
[2] As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, there was no allowance for loan losses and net charge-offs related to the strategic partnership loans.
[3] Includes financed sales of this collateral to third parties that are reported separately from the loan portfolio, and that are conducted by the Bank of $7.5 million and $7.4 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.
[4] Includes $3.8 million and $3.2 million of deferred financing costs as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. Refer to Note 5 for more details.
[5] Includes $3.2 million and $4.0 million of deferred financing costs as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. Refer to Note 5 for more details.
[6] Includes the short-term portion of lease liabilities of $2.2 million and $2.2 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. Refer to Note 6 for more details.
v3.22.4
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Preferred stock, shares authorized 1,000,000 1,000,000
Preferred stock, par value $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares outstanding 0 0
Common stock, shares authorized 50,000,000 50,000,000
Common stock, par value $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Common stock, shares issued 28,663,827 28,124,629
Treasury stock, shares 5,602,154 2,951,243
Restricted cash $ 0.0 $ 3.0
Loan collateral in process of foreclosure, financed sales collateral to third parties 7.5 7.4
Short term lease liabilities 2.2 2.2
Deposits [Member]    
Deferred financing costs 3.8 3.2
Long-Term Debt [Member]    
Deferred financing costs $ 3.2 $ 4.0
v3.22.4
Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Interest and fees on loans $ 195,074 $ 157,990 $ 143,701
Interest and dividends on investment securities 1,547 976 1,208
Medallion lease income 0 0 53
Total interest income [1] 196,621 158,966 144,962
Interest on deposits 22,666 17,543 22,330
Interest on long-term debt 13,387 12,907 9,815
Interest on short-term borrowings 132 690 2,006
Total interest expense [2] 36,185 31,140 34,151
Net interest income (loss) 160,436 127,826 110,811
Provision for loan losses 30,059 4,622 69,817
Net interest income (loss) after loss provision 130,377 123,204 40,994
Other income (loss)      
Gain on sale of loans and medallion 5,448 1,788 1,019
Gain (loss) on equity investments 2,779 17,379 (2,985)
Write-down of loan collateral in process of foreclosure (657) (5,592) (24,523)
Gain on extinguishment of debt 0 4,626 0
Sponsorship and race winnings, net 0 12,567 20,042
Other income 1,956 798 511
Total other income (loss), net 9,526 31,566 (5,936)
Other expenses      
Salaries and employee benefits 31,130 31,591 28,172
Professional fees 13,054 5,311 8,047
Loan servicing fees 8,371 7,013 6,737
Collection costs 5,314 5,279 5,454
Rent expense 2,378 2,454 2,833
Regulatory fees 2,418 1,872 1,822
Amortization of intangible assets 1,445 1,445 1,445
Race team related expenses 0 9,559 8,366
Other expenses 7,943 8,375 9,163
Total other expenses 72,053 72,899 72,039
Income (loss) before income taxes 67,850 81,871 (36,981)
Income tax (provision) benefit (17,963) (24,217) 10,074
Net income (loss) after taxes 49,887 57,654 (26,907)
Less: income attributable to the non-controlling interest 6,047 3,546 7,876
Total net income (loss) attributable to Medallion Financial Corp. $ 43,840 $ 54,108 $ (34,783)
Basic net income (loss) per share $ 1.86 $ 2.20 $ (1.42)
Diluted net income( loss) per share $ 1.83 $ 2.17 $ (1.42)
Weighted average common shares outstanding      
Basic 23,583,049 24,599,804 24,445,452
Diluted 23,927,342 24,943,169 24,445,452
[1] Included in interest and investment income is $0.7 million, $0.8 million, and $1.2 million of paid-in-kind interest for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020.
[2] Average borrowings outstanding were $1.7 billion, $1.4 billion and $1.3 billion as of December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 and the related average borrowing costs were 2.17%, 2.28%, and 2.71% for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020.
v3.22.4
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Interest paid in kind $ 0.7 $ 0.8 $ 1.2
Average borrowings outstanding $ 1.7 $ 1.4 $ 1.3
Average borrowing costs rate 2.17% 2.28% 2.71%
v3.22.4
Consolidated Statements of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]      
Net income (loss) after taxes $ 49,887 $ 57,654 $ (26,907)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (4,383) (978) 1,013
Total comprehensive income (loss) 45,504 56,676 (25,894)
Less: comprehensive income attributable to the non-controlling interest 6,047 3,546 7,876
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Medallion Financial Corp. $ 39,457 $ 53,130 $ (33,770)
v3.22.4
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Total
Common Stock [Member]
Capital in Excess of Par [Member]
Treasury Stock [Member]
Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]
Parent [Member]
Noncontrolling Interest [Member]
Balance at Dec. 31, 2019 $ 334,468 $ 276 $ 275,511 $ (24,919) $ 11,281 $ 999 $ 263,148 $ 71,320
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2019   27,597,802   (2,951,243)        
Net income (loss) (26,907)       (34,783)   (34,783) 7,876
Distributions to non-controlling interest (6,043)             (6,043)
Stock-based compensation $ 2,030 $ 2 2,028       2,030  
Issuance of restricted stock, net, shares   229,408            
Forfeiture of restricted stock, net, shares   (8,755)            
Issuance of restricted stock units, net, shares   10,416            
Exercise of stock options,shares [1] 0              
Net change in unrealized gains on investments, net of tax $ 1,013         1,013 1,013  
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2020 304,561 $ 278 277,539 $ (24,919) (23,502) 2,012 231,408 73,153
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2020   27,828,871   (2,951,243)        
Net income (loss) 57,654       54,108   54,108 3,546
Distributions to non-controlling interest (6,516)             (6,516)
Disposition of RPAC (1,395)             (1,395)
Stock-based compensation 2,261 $ 3 2,258       2,261  
Issuance of restricted stock, net, shares   258,120            
Forfeiture of restricted stock, net, shares   (21,940)            
Issuance of restricted stock units, net, shares   15,508            
Exercise of stock options,value $ 241   241       241  
Exercise of stock options,shares 44,070 [1] 44,070            
Net change in unrealized gains on investments, net of tax $ (978)         (978) (978)  
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2021 $ 355,828 $ 281 280,038 $ (24,919) 30,606 1,034 287,040 68,788
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2021 25,173,386 28,124,629   (2,951,243)        
Net income (loss) $ 49,887       43,840   43,840 6,047
Distributions to non-controlling interest (6,047)             (6,047)
Stock-based compensation 3,476 $ 6 3,470       3,476  
Issuance of restricted stock, net, shares   522,475            
Forfeiture of restricted stock, net, shares   (29,359)            
Issuance of restricted stock units, net, shares   22,337            
Exercise of stock options,value $ 155   155       155  
Exercise of stock options,shares 23,745 [1] 23,745            
Purchase of common stock (in Shares)       (2,650,911)        
Purchase of common stock $ (20,619)     $ (20,619)     (20,619)  
Dividend paid on common stock (7,773)       (7,773)   (7,773)  
Net change in unrealized gains on investments, net of tax (4,383)         (4,383) (4,383)  
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022 $ 370,524 $ 287 $ 283,663 $ (45,538) $ 66,673 $ (3,349) $ 301,736 $ 68,788
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2022 23,061,673 28,663,827   (5,602,154)        
[1] The aggregate intrinsic value, which represents the difference between the price of the Company’s common stock at the exercise date and the related exercise price of the underlying options, was $0.1 million, $0.2 million, and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020.
v3.22.4
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders Equity (Parenthetical)
Dec. 31, 2022
$ / shares
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]  
Dividends payable amount per share $ 0.08
v3.22.4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES      
Net income (loss) after taxes $ 49,887 $ 57,654 $ (26,907)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss)/net decrease in net assets resulting from operations to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Provision for loan losses 30,059 4,622 69,817
Paid-in-kind interest income (724) (814) (1,188)
Depreciation and amortization 5,229 6,519 7,714
Amortization of origination fees, net 8,707 7,996 6,022
(Decrease) increase in deferred and other tax liabilities, net 7,281 18,327 (8,776)
Net change in value of loan collateral in process of foreclosure 5,738 8,966 31,926
Net realized (gains) losses on sale of investments (2,779) (17,380) 4,305
Stock-based compensation expense 3,476 2,261 2,030
Gain on extinguishment of debt 0 (4,626) 0
Increase in accrued interest receivable (1,992) (283) (1,676)
Gain on disposition of RPAC 0 (715) 0
Decrease (increase) in other assets (3,919) (5,354) 2,223
Decrease (increase) in accounts payable and accrued expenses 6,382 2,694 (7,206)
(Decrease) Increase in accrued interest payable 1,395 (1,141) 422
Net cash provided by operating activities 108,740 78,726 78,706
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES      
Loans originated (1,000,785) (760,790) (506,106)
Proceeds from principal receipts, sales, and maturities of loans 535,067 464,448 321,831
Purchases of investments (20,713) (19,354) (15,580)
Proceeds from disposition of RPAC, net 0 17,676 0
Proceeds from principal receipts, sales, and maturities of investments 14,762 35,647 15,399
Proceeds from the sale and principal payments on loan collateral in process of foreclosure 22,664 24,052 13,499
Net cash used for investing activities (449,005) (238,321) (170,957)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES      
Proceeds from time deposits and funds borrowed 839,104 805,577 668,577
Repayments of time deposits and funds borrowed (483,671) (627,263) (526,064)
Treasury stock repurchased (20,619) 0 0
Distributions to non-controlling interests (6,047) (6,516) (6,043)
Cash dividend paid on common stock (7,543) 0 0
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options 155 241 0
Net cash provided by financing activities 321,379 172,039 136,470
NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (18,886) 12,444 44,219
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 124,484 [1] 112,040 [1] 67,821
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period [1] 105,598 124,484 112,040
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION      
Cash paid during the period for interest 31,976 29,867 31,204
Cash paid during the period for income taxes 8,848 5,479 104
NON-CASH INVESTING      
Loans transferred to loan collateral in process of foreclosure, net 12,791 15,888 47,254
Loans transferred to other foreclosed property $ 0 $ 0 $ 1,800
[1] Includes federal funds sold.
v3.22.4
Organization of Medallion Financial Corp. and its Subsidiaries
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Organization of Medallion Financial Corp. and its Subsidiaries

(1) ORGANIZATION OF MEDALLION FINANCIAL CORP. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Medallion Financial Corp., or the Company, is a specialty finance company organized as a Delaware corporation that reports as a bank holding company, but is not a bank holding company for regulatory purposes. The Company conducts its business through various wholly-owned subsidiaries including its primary operating company, Medallion Bank, or the Bank, a Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC, insured industrial bank that originates consumer loans, raises deposits, and conducts other banking activities. The Bank is subject to competition from other financial institutions and to the regulations of certain federal and state agencies, and undergoes examinations by those agencies. The Bank was formed in May 2002 for the purpose of obtaining an industrial bank charter pursuant to the laws of the State of Utah. The Bank originates consumer loans on a national basis for the purchase of recreational vehicles, or “RVs”, boats and other consumer recreational equipment and to finance home improvements such as replacement windows and roofs. Prior to 2014, the Bank originated commercial loans to finance the purchase of taxi medallions, all of which are serviced by the Company. The loans are financed primarily with time certificates of deposit which are originated nationally through a variety of brokered deposit relationships. In 2019, the Bank began building a strategic partnership program that targets relationships with financial technology, or fintech, companies to offer loans and other financial services to customers. The Bank entered into an initial partnership in 2020 and continues to evaluate and launch additional partnerships.

The Company also conducts business through its subsidiaries Medallion Capital, Inc., or MCI, a Small Business Investment Company, or SBIC, which conducts a mezzanine financing business; Medallion Funding LLC, or MFC, an SBIC, which historically was the Company's primary taxi medallion lending company; and Freshstart Venture Capital Corp., or FSVC, an SBIC that originated and services medallion and commercial loans. MCI, MFC, and FSVC, as SBICs, are regulated by the Small Business Administration, or SBA. MCI and FSVC are financed in part by the SBA.

The Company established a wholly-owned subsidiary, Medallion Financing Trust I, or Fin Trust, for the purpose of issuing unsecured preferred securities to investors. Fin Trust is a separate legal and corporate entity with its own creditors who, in any liquidation of Fin Trust, will be entitled to be satisfied out of Fin Trust’s assets prior to any value in Fin Trust becoming available to Fin Trust’s equity holders. The assets of Fin Trust, aggregating $34.0 million at December 31, 2022, are not available to pay obligations of its affiliates or any other party, and the assets of affiliates or any other party are not available to pay obligations of Fin Trust.

v3.22.4
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(2) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the US, or GAAP, requires management to make estimates that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Accounting estimates and assumptions are those that management considers to be the most critical to an understanding of the consolidated financial statements because they inherently involve significant judgments and uncertainties. All of these estimates reflect management’s best judgment about current economic and market conditions and their effects based on information available as of the date of these consolidated financial statements. If such conditions change, it is reasonably possible that the judgments and estimates could change, which may result in future impairments of loans and loan collateral in process of foreclosure, goodwill and intangible assets, and investments, among other effects.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its wholly-owned and controlled subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions, balances, and profits (losses) have been eliminated in consolidation.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The Company consolidates all entities it controls through a majority voting interest, a controlling interest through other contractual rights, or as being identified as the primary beneficiary of VIEs. The primary beneficiary is the party who has both (1) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, and (2) an obligation to absorb losses of the entity or a right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. For consolidated entities that are less than wholly owned, the third-party’s holding is recorded as non-controlling interest.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with an original purchased maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash balances are generally held in accounts at large national or regional banking organizations in amounts that exceed the federally insured limits. As of December 31, 2022, cash also includes $1.3 million of interest-bearing funds deposited in other banks, that are mainly callable, with original terms of 3 to 5 years.

Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities

The Company follows the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, or FASB ASC 820, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. FASB ASC 820 defines fair value as an exit price (i.e. a price that would be received to sell, as opposed to acquire, an asset or transfer a liability), and emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement. It establishes a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between assumptions developed based on market data obtained from independent external sources and the reporting entity’s own assumptions. Further, it specifies that fair value measurement should consider adjustment for risk, such as the risk inherent in the valuation technique or its inputs. See also Notes 14 and 15 to the consolidated financial statements.

Equity Investments

The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 321, Investments – Equity Securities, or ASC 321, which requires all applicable investments in equity securities with a readily determinable fair value to be valued as such, and those without a readily determinable fair value, are measured at cost, less any impairment plus or minus any observable price changes. Equity investments of $10.3 million and $9.7 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, comprised mainly of nonmarketable stock and stock warrants, are recorded at cost less any impairment plus or minus observable price changes. As of December 31, 2022, cumulative impairment of $2.4 million had been recorded with respect to these investments.

During 2021, the Company purchased $2.0 million of equity securities with a readily determinable fair value. As a result, all unrealized gains and losses are included in gain (loss) on equity investments. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the fair value of these securities were $1.7 million and $2.0 million and are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.

The following table presents the unrealized portion related to the equity securities held as of December 31, 2022.

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

2022

 

 

2021

 

Net losses recognized during the period on equity securities

 

$

(226

)

 

$

(50

)

Less: Net gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity
   securities sold during the period

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unrealized losses recognized during the reporting period on
   equity securities still held at the reporting date

 

$

(226

)

 

$

(50

)

Investment Securities

The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 320, Investments – Debt Securities, or ASC 320, which requires that all applicable investments in debt securities be classified as trading securities, available-for-sale securities, or held-to-maturity securities. Investment securities are purchased from time-to-time in the open market at prices that are greater or lesser than the par value of the investment. The resulting premium or discount is deferred and recognized on a level yield basis as an adjustment to the yield of the related investment. The net premium on investment securities totaled $0.1 million and $0.3 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and $0.1 million, $0.1 million, and $0.3 million was amortized to interest income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020. ASC 320 further requires that held-to-maturity securities be reported at amortized cost and available-for-sale securities be reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a separate component of stockholders’ equity, net of the effect of income taxes, until they are sold. At the time of sale, any gains or losses, calculated by the specific identification method, will be recognized as a component of operating results and any amounts previously included in stockholders’ equity, which were recorded net of the income tax effect, will be reversed.

 

Loans

The Company’s loans are currently reported at the principal amount outstanding, inclusive of deferred loan acquisition costs, which primarily includes deferred fees paid to loan originators, and which is amortized to interest income over the life of the loan.

Loan origination fees and certain direct origination costs are deferred and recognized as an adjustment to the yield of the related loans. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, net loan origination costs were $34.9 million and $26.1 million. Net amortization to income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 were $8.7 million, $8.0 million, and $6.0 million.

Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis. Medallion and commercial loans are placed on nonaccrual status, and all uncollected accrued interest is reversed, when there is doubt as to the collectability of interest or principal, or if loans are 90 days or more past due, unless management has determined that they are both well-secured and in the process of collection. Interest income on nonaccrual loans is generally recognized when cash is received, unless a determination has been made to apply all cash receipts to principal. The consumer loan portfolio has different characteristics, typified by a larger number of smaller dollar loans that have similar characteristics. A loan is considered to be impaired, or nonperforming, when based on current information and events, it is unlikely the Company will be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the original loan agreement. Management considers loans that are in bankruptcy status, but have not been charged-off, to be impaired. Consumer loans are placed on nonaccrual when they become 90 days past due, or earlier if they enter bankruptcy, and are charged-off in their entirety when deemed uncollectible, or when they become 120 days past due, whichever occurs first, at which time appropriate recovery efforts against both the borrower and the underlying collateral are initiated. For the recreation loan portfolio, the process to repossess the collateral is started at 60 days past due. If the collateral is not located and the account reaches 120 days delinquent, the account is charged-off. If the collateral is repossessed, a loss is recorded by writing the collateral down to its fair value less selling costs, and the collateral is sent to auction. When the collateral is sold, the net auction proceeds are applied to the account, and any remaining balance is written off. Proceeds collected on charged-off accounts are recorded as recoveries. Total loans 90 days or more past due were $8.9 million or 0.47% of the total loan portfolio as of December 31, 2022, as compared to $4.0 million, or 0.28% as of December 31, 2021.

In situations where, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, the Company grants concessions to the borrower for other than an insignificant period of time that the Company would not otherwise consider, the related loan is classified as a troubled debt restructuring, or TDR. The Company strives to identify borrowers in financial difficulty early and work with them to modify their loans to more affordable terms before they reach nonaccrual status. These modified terms may include rate reductions, principal forgiveness, term extensions, payment forbearance and other actions intended to minimize the economic loss to the Company and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of the collateral. For modifications where the Company forgives principal, the entire amount of such principal forgiveness is immediately charged off. Loans classified as TDRs are considered impaired loans. Recreation loans which are party to a Chapter 13 bankruptcy are immediately classified as TDRs. The Company’s policy with regard to bankrupt recreation loans is to take an immediate 40% write down of the loan balance.

Loan collateral in process of foreclosure primarily includes medallion loans that have reached 120 days past due and have been charged-down to their net realizable value, in addition to consumer repossessed collateral in the process of being sold. For New York City medallion loans in the process of foreclosure, the Company continued to utilize a net value of $79,500 when assessing net realizable value for these medallion loans, despite fluctuating current transfer prices which may exceed that level from time to time. The "loan collateral in the process of foreclosure" designation reflects that the collection activities on these loans have transitioned from working with the borrower, to the liquidation of the collateral securing the loans. The Company accounts for its sales of loans in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing, or FASB ASC 860, which provides accounting and reporting standards for transfers and servicing of financial assets and extinguishments of liabilities. In accordance with FASB ASC 860, the Company had elected the fair value measurement method for its servicing assets and liabilities. The principal portion of loans serviced for others by the Company and its affiliates was $19.5 million and $20.5 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021. The Company has evaluated the servicing aspect of its business in accordance with FASB ASC 860 and determined that no material servicing asset or liability existed as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.

 

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a regular basis by management and is based upon management’s periodic review of the collectability of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral, prevailing economic conditions, and excess concentration risks. In analyzing the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses, the Company uses historical delinquency and actual loss rates with a one-year lookback period for consumer loans. For commercial loans deemed nonperforming, the historical loss experience and other projections are looked at. For medallion loans, delinquent nonperforming loans are valued at collateral value for the most recent quarter. Collateral value for the medallion loans is generally determined utilizing factors deemed relevant under the circumstances of the market including but not limited to: actual transfers, pending transfers, median and average sales prices, discounted cash flows, market direction and sentiment, and general economic trends for the industry and economy. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. As a result of COVID-19, the Company determined that anticipated payment activity on the medallion portfolio was impossible to quantify upon exit of the six-month deferral period with borrowers, and therefore deemed all such loans as impaired in the third quarter of 2020. As a result, all medallion loans were placed on nonaccrual and reserved down to collateral value, net of liquidation costs, which was $79,500 for New York City medallions. The Company continued to use $79,500 as its internally determined value for assessing net realizable value for these medallion loans, despite fluctuating current transfer prices which may exceed that level from time to time. The Company continues to monitor the impact of COVID-19 on the consumer, commercial, and medallion loans. Credit losses are deducted from the allowance and subsequent recoveries are added back to the allowance.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The Company’s goodwill and intangible assets arose as a result of the excess of fair value over book value for several of the Company’s previously unconsolidated portfolio investment companies as of April 2, 2018. This fair value was brought forward under the Company’s new reporting, and was subject to a purchase price accounting allocation process conducted by an independent third-party expert to arrive at the current categories and amounts. Goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to quarterly review by management to determine whether additional impairment testing is needed, and such testing is performed at least on an annual basis. Intangible assets are amortized over their useful life of approximately 20 years. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had intangible assets of $22.0 million and $23.5 million. During 2021, the Company disposed of its investment in RPAC Racing LLC, or RPAC, resulting in the removal of $26.2 million of intangible assets. The Company recognized $1.4 million of amortization expense on the intangible assets for each of the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Additionally, loan portfolio premiums of $12.4 million were determined as of April 2, 2018, of which $0 and $0.5 million were outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and of which $0.5 million, $2.2 million, and $3.0 million was amortized to interest income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020. Management performed a step 0 analysis in assessing the goodwill and intangibles for impairment at December 31, 2022 and 2021, concluding that there was no impairment of these assets.

The following table details of the intangible assets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:

 

 

December 31,

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

2022

 

 

2021

 

Brand-related intellectual property

 

$

16,775

 

 

$

17,874

 

Home improvement contractor relationships

 

 

5,260

 

 

 

5,606

 

Total intangible assets

 

$

22,035

 

 

$

23,480

 

Fixed Assets

Fixed assets are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization, and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of 3 to 10 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated economic useful life of the improvement. Depreciation and amortization expense was $0.4 million, $0.3 million, and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020.

Deferred Costs

Deferred financing costs represent costs associated with obtaining the Company’s borrowing facilities, and are amortized on a straight line basis over the lives of the related financing agreements and life of the respective pool. Amortization expense was $2.6 million, $2.4 million, and $2.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020. In addition, the Company capitalizes certain costs for transactions in the process of completion (other than business combinations), including those for potential investments, and the sourcing of other financing alternatives. Upon completion or termination of the transaction, any accumulated amounts will be amortized against income over an appropriate period, or written off. The amount on the Company’s balance sheet for all of these purposes were $7.0 million and $7.1 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.

 

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability approach in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, or ASC 740. Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect the impact of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities and their tax basis and are stated at tax rates expected to be in effect when taxes are actually paid or recovered. Deferred tax assets are also recorded for net operating losses, capital losses and any tax credit carryforwards. A valuation allowance is provided against a deferred tax asset when it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. All available evidence, both positive and negative, is considered to determine whether a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is needed. Items considered in determining the Company’s valuation allowance include expectations of future earnings of the appropriate tax character, recent historical financial results, tax planning strategies, the length of statutory carryforward periods and the expected timing of the reversal of temporary differences. The Company recognizes tax benefits of uncertain tax positions only when the position is more likely than not to be sustained assuming examination by tax authorities. The Company records income tax related interest and penalties, if applicable, within current income tax expense.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share (EPS)

Basic earnings (loss) per share are computed by dividing net income (loss) resulting from operations available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if option contracts to issue common stock were exercised, or if restricted stock vests, and has been computed after giving consideration to the weighted average dilutive effect of the Company’s stock options and restricted stock. The Company uses the treasury stock method to calculate diluted EPS, which is a method of recognizing the use of proceeds that could be obtained upon exercise of options and warrants, including unvested compensation expense related to the shares, in computing diluted EPS. It assumes that any proceeds would be used to purchase common stock at the average market price during the period. The table below shows the calculation of basic and diluted EPS.

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

2022

 

 

2021

 

 

2020

 

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

 

$

43,840

 

 

$

54,108

 

 

$

(34,783

)

Weighted average common shares outstanding applicable
   to basic EPS

 

 

23,583,049

 

 

 

24,599,804

 

 

 

24,445,452

 

Effect of dilutive stock options

 

 

67,825

 

 

 

92,602

 

 

 

 

Effect of restricted stock grants

 

 

276,469

 

 

 

250,763

 

 

 

 

Adjusted weighted average common shares outstanding applicable to diluted EPS

 

 

23,927,342

 

 

 

24,943,169

 

 

 

24,445,452

 

Basic income (loss) per share

 

$

1.86

 

 

$

2.20

 

 

$

(1.42

)

Diluted income (loss) per share

 

 

1.83

 

 

 

2.17

 

 

 

(1.42

)

Potentially dilutive common shares excluded from the above calculations aggregated 347,963 shares, 421,190, and 934,003 shares as of December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020.

Stock Compensation

The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 718, or ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation, for its equity incentive, stock option, and restricted stock plans, and accordingly, the Company recognizes the expense of these grants as required. Stock-based employee compensation costs pertaining to stock options are reflected in net income resulting from operations for any new grants using the fair values established by usage of the Black-Scholes option pricing model, expensed over the vesting period of the underlying option. Stock-based employee compensation costs pertaining to restricted stock are reflected in net income resulting from operations for any new grants using the grant date fair value of the shares granted, expensed over the vesting period of the underlying stock.

During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the Company issued 522,475, 258,120, and 229,408 restricted shares of stock-based compensation awards, issued 0, 317,398, and 444,557 shares of other stock-based compensation awards, and issued 129,638, 16,803, and 47,156 restricted stock units; and recognized $3.5 million, $2.3 million, and $2.0 million, or $0.15, $0.09, and $0.08 per diluted common share for each respective year, of non-cash stock-based compensation expense related to the grants. As of December 31, 2022, the total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options and restricted stock was $3.9 million, which is expected to be recognized over the next 9 quarters.

 

Regulatory Capital

The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the FDIC and the Utah Department of Financial Institutions. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possible additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank’s capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the bank regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.

FDIC-insured banks, including the Bank, are subject to certain federal laws, which impose various legal limitations on the extent to which banks may finance or otherwise supply funds to certain of their affiliates. In particular, the Bank is subject to certain restrictions on any extensions of credit to, or other covered transactions with, such as certain purchases of assets, the Company or its affiliates.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios as defined in the regulations (set forth in the table below). Additionally, as conditions of granting the Bank’s application for federal deposit insurance, the FDIC ordered that the Tier 1 leverage capital to total assets ratio, as defined, be not less than 15%, a level which could preclude its ability to pay dividends to the Company, and that an adequate allowance for loan losses be maintained. As of December 31, 2022, the Bank’s Tier 1 leverage ratio was 16.2%. The Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios, and the regulatory minimum ratios are presented in the following table.

 

 

Regulatory

 

 

December 31,

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Minimum

 

 

Well-Capitalized

 

 

2022

 

 

2021

 

Common equity tier 1 capital

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

242,049

 

 

$

193,459

 

Tier 1 capital

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

310,837

 

 

 

262,247

 

Total capital

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

334,913

 

 

 

281,211

 

Average assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,917,904

 

 

 

1,495,726

 

Risk-weighted assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,888,530

 

 

 

1,482,678

 

Leverage ratio (1)

 

 

4.0

%

 

 

5.0

%

 

 

16.2

%

 

 

17.5

%

Common equity tier 1 capital ratio (2)

 

 

7.0

 

 

 

6.5

 

 

 

12.8

 

 

 

13.1

 

Tier 1 capital ratio (3)

 

 

8.5

 

 

 

8.0

 

 

 

16.5

 

 

 

17.7

 

Total capital ratio (3)

 

 

10.5

 

 

 

10.0

 

 

 

17.7

 

 

 

19.0

 

(1)
Calculated by dividing Tier 1 capital by average assets.
(2)
Calculated by subtracting preferred stock or non-controlling interest from Tier 1 capital and dividing by risk-weighted assets.
(3)
Calculated by dividing Tier 1 or total capital by risk-weighted assets.

In the table above, the minimum risk-based ratios as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 reflect the capital conservation buffer of 2.5%. The minimum regulatory requirements, inclusive of the capital conservation buffer, were the binding requirements for the risk-based requirements, and the “well-capitalized” requirements were the binding requirements for Tier 1 leverage capital as of both December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, or Topic 326: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, or ASU 2016-13. The main objective of this new standard is to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial assets and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. Under the FASB’s new standard, the concepts used by entities to account for credit losses on financial instruments will fundamentally change. The existing “probable” and “incurred” loss recognition threshold is removed. Loss estimates are based upon lifetime “expected” credit losses. The use of past and current events must now be supplemented with “reasonable and supportable” expectations about the future to determine the amount of credit loss. The collective changes to the recognition and measurement accounting standards for financial instruments and their anticipated impact on the allowance for credit losses modeling have been universally referred to as the CECL (current expected credit loss) model. ASU 2016-13 applies to all entities and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 for public entities, with early adoption permitted. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10 to defer implementation of the standard for smaller reporting companies, such as the Company, to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company adopted Topic 326 on January 1, 2023. The Company anticipates the adoption will increase in the Company's allowance for loan losses (allowance for credit losses under CECL) by $11.6 million for consumer loans and a $2.2 million increase with respect to the Company's commercial loans. The medallion loan allowance will not be affected. With the adoption of CECL, the Company expects that there will be earlier recognition of credit losses, including a near-term effect of larger loan loss provisions, compared to the incurred losses accounting standard.

 

In August 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-06, Presentation of Financial Statements, or Topic 205: Depository and Lending, or Topic 942: and Financial Services – Investment Companies, or Topic 946: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, or ASU 2016-13. This new standard amends certain Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, paragraphs from the Codification in response to the issuance of SEC Final Rule No. 33-10786, Amendments to Financial Disclosures About Acquired and Disposed Businesses and SEC Rule No. 33-10835, Update of Statistical Disclosures for Bank and Savings and Loan Registrants. The Company has assessed the impact of the update and determined it does not have a material impact on the accompanying financial statements.

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, or Topic 326: Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures, or ASU 2022-02. The main objective of this new standard is to amend ASU 2016-13 in response to feedback received from the post-implementation review process. The amendments update ASU 2016-13 to require that an entity measure and record the lifetime expected credit losses on an asset upon origination or acquisition, and, as a result, credit losses from loans modified as troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) have been incorporated into the allowance for credit losses. The amendments also require the disclosure of current period gross write-offs, by year of origination, for financing receivables. ASU 2022-02 was effective upon the adoption of ASU 2016-13.

In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement, or Topic 820: Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions, or ASU 2016-13. This new standard is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2023 and clarifies the guidance in Topic 820 when measuring the fair value of an equity security subject to contractual restrictions that prohibit the sale of an equity security and introduces new disclosure requirements for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions that are measured at fair value in accordance with Topic 820. The Company has assessed the impact of the update and determined it does not have a material impact on the accompanying financial statements.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year balances to conform with the current year presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on the previously reported results of operations.

v3.22.4
Investment Securities
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Schedule of Investments [Abstract]  
Investment Securities

(3) INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The following tables present details of fixed maturity securities available for sale as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.

December 31, 2022
(Dollars in thousands)

 

Amortized
Cost

 

 

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

 

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

 

Fair
Value

 

Mortgage-backed securities, principally obligations of US federal agencies

 

$

43,286

 

 

$

 

 

$

(4,933

)

 

$

38,353

 

State and municipalities

 

 

11,015

 

 

 

13

 

 

 

(889

)

 

 

10,139

 

Total

 

$

54,301

 

 

$

13

 

 

$

(5,822

)

 

$

48,492

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2021
(Dollars in thousands)

 

Amortized
Cost

 

 

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

 

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

 

Fair
Value

 

Mortgage-backed securities, principally obligations of US federal agencies

 

$

35,469

 

 

$

672

 

 

$

(403

)

 

$

35,738

 

State and municipalities

 

 

9,025

 

 

 

60

 

 

 

(51

)

 

 

9,034

 

Total

 

$

44,494

 

 

$

732

 

 

$

(454

)

 

$

44,772

 

The amortized cost and estimated market value of investment securities as of December 31, 2022 by contractual maturity are shown below. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

December 31, 2022
(Dollars in thousands)

 

Amortized
Cost

 

 

Fair
Value

 

Due in one year or less

 

$

 

 

$

 

Due after one year through five years

 

 

9,625

 

 

 

9,222

 

Due after five years through ten years

 

 

9,303

 

 

 

8,170

 

Due after ten years

 

 

35,373

 

 

 

31,100

 

Total

 

$

54,301

 

 

$

48,492

 

 

The following tables show information pertaining to securities with gross unrealized losses as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position follows.

 

 

Less than Twelve Months

 

 

Twelve Months and Over

 

December 31, 2022
(Dollars in thousands)

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

 

Fair
Value

 

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

 

Fair
Value

 

Mortgage-backed securities, principally obligations of US federal agencies

 

$

(731

)

 

$

12,321

 

 

$

(4,202

)

 

$

26,023

 

State and municipalities

 

 

(286

)

 

 

4,628

 

 

 

(603

)

 

 

3,502

 

Total

 

$

(1,017

)

 

$

16,949

 

 

$

(4,805

)

 

$

29,525

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Less than Twelve Months

 

 

Twelve Months and Over

 

December 31, 2021
(Dollars in thousands)

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

 

Fair
Value

 

 

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

 

 

Fair
Value

 

Mortgage-backed securities, principally obligations of US federal agencies

 

$

(403

)

 

$

16,330

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

State and municipalities

 

 

(9

)

 

 

2,124

 

 

 

(42

)